颅脑超声在评估妊娠期高血压对新生儿脑发育影响中的应用

Application of brain ultrasound in evaluating the effect of pregnancy hypertension on neonatal brain development

目的：研究颅脑超声在评估妊娠期高血压对新生儿脑发育影响中的作用。方法选取医院80例妊娠期高血压孕妇分娩的新生儿为研究对象作为观察组，另选取100例无高危围产因素孕妇分娩的新生儿作为对照组。采用颅脑超声检测新生儿的额叶厚度、大脑横径、脑岛面积、脑岛周长、额上回宽度、丘脑灰度值及额叶灰度值，并进行比较。结果两组足月儿丘脑灰度值、额叶灰度值比较差异未见统计学意义（P 〉0.05）；观察组足月儿额叶厚度、大脑横径、脑岛面积、脑岛周长均小于对照组，额上回宽度大于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P 〈0.05）。两组早产儿丘脑灰度值、额叶灰度值比较差异未见统计学意义（P 〉0.05）；观察组早产儿额叶厚度、大脑横径、脑岛面积、脑岛周长均小于对照组，额上回宽度大于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P 〈0.05）。结论母亲妊娠期高血压疾病易导致新生儿脑发育成熟欠佳，应用颅脑超声检测额叶厚度、大脑横径、脑岛面积、脑岛周长、额上回宽度、丘脑灰度值及额叶灰度值，对于评估妊娠期高血压疾病对新生儿脑发育的影响非常重要，对指导早期诊断具有重要意义。

Objective To study the effect of brain ultrasound in evaluating the effect of pregnancy hypertension on neonatal brain development. Methods Eighty neonatus delivered by gestational hypertension pregnant women in hospital were selected as the research objects and marked as the observation group,100 neonatus delivered by no high risk perinatal factors pregnant women were marked as the control group. Cerebral ultrasound were used to detect frontal lobe thickness,cerebral transverse diameter,insular area,insular perimeter,gyri frontalis superior width,thalami grey level and frontal lobe grey level of neonatus,then compared them. Results There was no significant difference in thalami grey level and frontal lobe grey level in term infants of two groups（P 〉 0. 05）;frontal lobe thickness, cerebral transverse diameter,insular area,insular perimeter in term infants of the observation group were significantly less than the control group,gyri frontalis superior width was significantly greater than the control group（P 〈 0. 05）. There was no significant difference in thalami grey level and frontal lobe grey level in prematures of two groups（ P 〉 0. 05）;frontal lobe thickness,cerebral transverse diameter, insular area,insular perimeter in prematures of the observation group were significantly less than the control group,gyri frontalis superior width was significantly greater than the control group（P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusions Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy can lead to poor neonatal brain maturation,the application of ultrasound detection of frontal brain thickness,diameter,area,perimeter,insula,insula, superior frontal gyrus,thalamus and frontal width gray value of gray value is very important for the effect evaluation of hypertension disease in pregnancy on neonatal brain development,and it great significance to the early diagnosis of guidance.