苗族习惯法在刑事和解中的地位和作用——以黔东南苗族地区“丧葬习俗”司法个案为例

The Position and Role of the Miao Customary Law on Criminal Reconciliatio——Taking “Funeral Custom” Judicial Cases in Miao Area as an Example

苗族是一个高度团结的民族,聚寨而居的约束机制及婚姻纽带使得民族内部凝聚力极强。在反抗封建统治压迫和剥削的斗争中,苗族习惯法发挥了重要作用。在新时期,苗族习惯法在某种程序上起到了维护小地域村落秩序的作用。但也因此极易形成局部的若干团体,民众为团体利益而聚众,容易引发群体性暴力事件,为司法处理带来了一定的难度和压力。刑事和解制度出台后,民族地区的司法部门创造性的把刑事政策与习惯法资源相结合,充分发挥习惯法在个案调处中的优势,为维护当地的和谐稳定起到了较好的作用。

Miao people is united. Living together in the villages and marriage bonds within the Miao ethnic group makes their relationship more cohesive. In the rebellion against the feudal ruling class, Miao common law has played an important role. In the new period, common law of Miao people has maintained the villages＇ social order. But this unity pattern made local groups begin to take shape. Members of local groups easily resort to violence for profits, which exert great pressure to the judicial authorities. Criminal reconciliation system helps judicial authorities in the minority nationality regions combine criminal law and common law creatively. Common law plays an important role in maintaining the harmonious and stable social order in the minority nationality regions.