我国肺癌早期筛查现状分析

The Present Situation of Early Screening of Lung Cancer in China

肺癌是中国发病率和死亡率最高的恶性肿瘤之一。有效的筛查和早期诊断手段能显著降低肺癌的病死率。目前筛查的内容首先要确定肺癌高危人群,其次选择合适筛查方法,包括痰细胞学、肿瘤标志物、影像学等。对于筛查阳性的对象需要进行活检并通过组织病理学或细胞病理学检查明确是否为肺癌,采取有效干预措施。此外,肺癌筛查还需要从卫生经济学角度出发,结合中国当前经济、文化、社会发展水平,以及个人保健意愿充分考虑。总之,肺癌筛查需要根据中国的具体情况,评估制定并实施符合中国特点的筛查策略及质控措施。

Lung cancer is one of malignant tumors with the highest morbidity and mortality in China.Effective screening and early diagnosis may significantly reduce the mortality of lung cancer.The first step of screening strategy is to determine high-risk population of lung cancer.The second step is to choose the suitable methods,including sputum test,serum tumor biomarker,imaging and so on.The screening positive subjects need take biopsy and confirm the tissue or cell pathology.The biopsy methods include autofluorescence bronchoscope（AFB）,narrow-band imaging of bronchoscopy（NBI）,endobronchial ultrasonography（EBUS）,virtual navigation bronchoscope（VBN）,electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy（ENB）,fibered confocal fluorescence microscopy（FCFM）and so on.In addition,lung cancer screen need consider developing level of economy,culture and society and personal health willingness from health economics angle.In brief,lung cancer screening need evaluate,formulate and implement the screening strategies and quality control measures according to actual situation of China.