元江南岸多尺度多民族聚落的空间特征研究

Study on Spatial Feature of Multi-ethnic Settlement in Multiscale on the South Bank of the Yuanjiang River

元江南岸四县是哈尼、彝、傣、苗、瑶、壮、汉等民族的聚集地,文章在不同尺度下,分别以自然村、行政村、典型个案为研究对象,以GIS的技术方法结合田野调查,探讨多民族聚落的空间特征。主要结论为:多民族聚落在宏观层面具有沿水平方向的流域分布、沿垂直方向的垂直分层、沿时间累积的同源聚居3个特征,三者在微观层面中体现为以民族为标识的基本概貌差异,而地域分化、历史机缘与文化交流等因素则加剧了聚落差异的丰富程度,形成了一种民族性与地域性交错的复杂关系,在生产方式与民居细节有着显著表现。

The four counties on the south bank of the Yuanjiang River are the gathering places of the Hani, Yi, Dai, Miao, Yao, Zhuang and Han nationalities.In this paper, based on the GIS technology and field investigation, the spatial characteristics of multi-ethnic settlements are discussed in multi-scales, taking natural villages, administrative villages and typical cases as research objects. The main conclusions are： the multi- national settlement has three characteristics at the macro level, horizontal distribution matching with catchment, vertical stratification matching with altitude and homogeneity inhabited. In microcosmic level, the geographical differentiation, historical opportunity and cultural communication and other factors are exacerbated by the richness of settlement differences, forming a national and regional interlocking complex relationship between the mode of production and residential details have a significant performance.