关中地区城市型与山林型寺庙园林环境比较研究

Comparative Study on the Temple Garden Environment Between Urban Type and Forest Type in Guanzhong Area

关中地区是我国佛、道两教的发祥地,寺庙分布相当广泛。历史上,关中地区以长安为中心,城市型寺庙分布较多。同时,由于关中外围依托黄土高原沟壑和秦岭山脉,具有丰富的山地环境资源,也产生了许多颇具特色的山林型寺庙景观。该文用比较的方法对关中地区的城市型和山林型寺庙景观进行了研究。通过对典型案例从选址环境、空间布局特点、空间序列、空间处理手法等方面进行系统归纳、总结、比较,得出关中地区城市型和山林型寺庙景观在这几方面的特点。

Guanzhong area is the birthplace of Buddhism and Taoism in China, where temples are widespread. Chang'an was once the center of Guanzhong area in history, many of the temples were built in this city(called city-temple). On the other hand, a lot of temples with distinctive character were also built in Loess Plateau and Qinling Mountain(called mountain-temple) which have the rich mountain environmental resources. We discuss the landscape character of mountain-temple and city-temple in Guanzhong area, including their location environment, spatial arrangement, spatial sequence and spatial processing technique, so as to provide useful information for landscape design.