结核分枝杆菌基因多态性研究在耐药监测和流行病学调查中的应用

The gene polymorphism study of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the drug-resistance surveillance and epidemi-ological survey field

结核是一种由结核分枝杆菌（MTB）引发的慢性传染病，由于不同基因型的结核患者耐药情况不同，因此对 MTB 的基因多态性研究具有重要的临床意义。在各种技术中，有些一直在被广大研究者应用并不断有新进展，有些技术虽然新兴起，也显示出了强大的应用前景。本研究就近年来仍在应用的或新兴的基因多态性研究技术作一综述，并简要指出其不足之处，为 MTB 在耐药研究和流行病学调查中的应用提供参考。

Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious diseases caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis（MTB）.As the drug-resistance characteristics are different in patients with various genotypes,thus,the gene polymorphism study have critical clinical significance.Among the all kinds of techniques,some have been used to analyze polymorphism for a long time and new development in that respect has also been made recently.On the other hand,some techniques are e-merging but demonstrate promising application prospects.This study summarizes the gene polymorphism study of MTB which have been used or are emerging in recent years,and points out a few shortcomings briefly.Our object is to make a contribution to theoretical basis and knowledge accumulation in the drug-resistance and epidemiological survey field.