大学生性格认知的民族差异对大学教育的启示——以某少数民族地区综合性大学为例

Implications for Ethnic Differences of College Students' Personality Cognition on College Education——A Case Study of a Comprehensive University in a Minority Area

大学生正处于心理自我塑造阶段,其核心的人生课题是完善自我意识,塑造和谐的性格,因此在大学教育中应将性格教育放到重要位置。以某少数民族地区综合性大学一年级到三年级的不同性别、民族和专业的319名大学生为调查对象,采用《大学生性格认知》自制量表进行了问卷调查,研究结果表明,被调查者在关于环境因素对性格形成与发展所能带来的影响的认知上尽管有明显的差异,但总体上认知不清晰,而且对于成长环境对其性格形成与发展相关的影响方面具有一定的负向认知;被调查者大部分未接受过专门的、系统的性格教育。值得注意的是,其他民族的学生相对于朝鲜族和汉族学生而言,对其性格持有更加否定的倾向,且对性格教育的必要性持有相对较高的认知。鉴于此,新生入学教育应把性格教育提到议事日程上,重视对少数民族大学生的性格教育,并给予热心的"性格关怀",同时,性格教育应融入到大学生学力提升中,促进全人发展,并重视对专业教师和学工人员的性格教育。

College students are in the stage of self-psychological shaping, their core task is improving self consciousness and shaping harmonious personality. Therefore, personality edu- cation should be put in important position in college education. 319 college students of dif- ferent nationalities from Grade One to Grade Three in a minority area were investigated. A questionnaire survey was carried out using college self-made personality scale. The results showed that there were significantly differences in the formation and development of person- ality, and certain negative cognition to the influence of growth environment on its personali- ty formation and development. In view of this, personality education should be taken into consideration and more attention should be paid to the personality education of ethnic minor- ity college students. At the same time, the personality education should be taken into the college students majoring in ascension to promote their integrated development, and attention should be paid to personality education of professional teachers.