文殊山石窟研究的回顾与展望

Review and Prospect of Research on the Manjusri Mountain Grottoes

文殊山石窟群现存窟龛计有百余,损毁严重,其中比较重要者有前山千佛洞、万佛洞、后山古佛洞和千佛洞等,均为穹隆顶,平面近方形的中心柱窟。自上世纪50年代史岩先生第一次实地考察之后,才逐渐受到学界的关注,如张宝玺、杨益民、唐晓军、井上豪、杨富学、施爱民、张小刚、郭俊叶等学者对文殊山石窟创建的年代、分期、洞窟形制等方面作过研究,成就不菲,提出了各种不同的学术观点,有的相近,有的截然相反。对这些学术成就进行总结,以观目前研究之得失,有助于文殊山石窟研究的进一步深入开展。

There are at present over 100 caves in Manjusri Mountain Grottoes and most of them are in severe damage. The most severely damaged caves are Thousand Buddha Cave in the front,Ten Thousand Buddha Cave,Ancient Buddha Cave in the back and Thousand Buddha Cave etc. All these caves are in the dome shape and are central pillar caves with almost square platform. In 1950s Shiyan made the first field investigation,and since then the caves attracted increasing attention. Scholars such as Zhang Baoxi etc. did considerable research on the dates,period classification,cave shape and form of these caves. They made quite great contributions and proposed different academic opinions. Some opinions are close and some are absolutely opposite. To summarize these opinions and to see the gain and failure in current research are helpful for the further research on Manjusri Mountain Grottoes.