少数民族地区精准脱贫研究——基于广西DHYZ自治县QBN乡的个案分析和现实思考

A STUDY ON ACCURATE POVERTY RIDDING IN MINORITY AREAS:BASED ON A CASE ANALYSIS AND CONSIDERATION TO THE REALITY IN QBN TOWNSHIP,DHYZ AUTONOMOUS COUNTY,GUANGXI

少数民族地区是我国新一轮脱贫攻坚的主战场。通过对个案的分析发现,少数民族地区贫困面广、贫困程度深,少数民族贫困人口比重大,基础设施建设严重滞后,贫困人口收入低,易地移民搬迁任务重,贫困人口文化素质较低等问题依然突出。同时还面临着贫困人口指标层层分解与贫困对象识别不精准、脱贫攻坚项目实施资金投入刚性需求与扶贫资金投入供给能力不足、产业扶贫项目脱贫效应的时滞性与年度脱贫目标要求短期性、贫困农村"空心化"与脱贫任务艰巨性等突出矛盾。为此,要抓紧完善贫困人口精准识别机制,建立以目标需求为导向的项目建设资金投入机制,改革精准脱贫成效的考核办法,切实加强贫困村扶贫治理能力建设,确保少数民族地区如期实现脱贫攻坚目标。

Minority areas are the main battle fields of the new turn poverty ridding in our country. Through the case analysis, it is found that problems remain salient such as wide-spread of the poverty region, grave poverty, large proportion of poor minority population, serious backwardness of infrastructural construction, low income of poor population, enormous tasks of resettlement, rela- tively low cultural diathesis of the poor population and so on in minority areas. In the meantime, prominent contradictions are needed to cope with, such as recounting of the index on different levels of poverty population and inaccurate identification of the object of poverty, fix needs and insufficient supply of financial investment for programs of poverty fighting, periodicity of efficiency of the indus- trial program and the short-term requirement of annual objective of poverty ridding, ＂emptiness＂ of poor villages and arduous tasks of poverty ridding etc.. Therefore, only do a mechanism of accu- rate identification of the poor population to be improved rapidly, a financial investment mechanism for construction program steered by needs of goals to be established, assessment ways towards the efficiency of accurate poverty ridding to be reformed, the ability construction of governance in poverty village to be strengthened then it is guaranteed that the goal of poverty fighting in minority areas can be achieved on time.