健康信念模式主导的护理干预对空巢老年缺血性脑卒中患者治疗依从性及疗效的影响

Compliance and efficacy of health belief model-based nursing intervention on empty nest elderly patients with ischemic strok

目的探讨健康信念模式教育主导的护理模式在空巢老年脑卒中患者的治疗依从性影响。方法选取2011年10月—2015年10月在哈尔滨医科大学附属第四医院神经内科治疗的空巢老年脑卒中患者156例,随机分为研究组78例和对照组78例。对照组实施常规护理,研究组在对照组基础上实施健康信念模式教育主导的护理模式。比较2组治疗后的依从性和满意度;使用简易智能状态检查量表对患者治疗前后的认知功能进行评测,并比较2组生活能力(ADL)及生存质量评分。结果研究组患者依从性情况较好,不受症状波动的影响,与对照组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究的护理满意度各个维度的表现明显优于对照组(P<0.05);ADL评分显示,且研究组要优于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后,研究组物质功能评分、心理、社会、日常生活、QOL总分显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论空巢老年脑卒中患者实施健康信念模式教育主导的护理模式可提高患者满意度、依从性、认知功能及日常生活的能力,使患者的生活质量得到改善。

Objective To investigate compliance influence of care treatment led by the health belief model in the empty nest elderly stroke patients. Methods We select 156 eases of empty nest elderly stroke patients treated in our department from October,2011 to October,2015, and randomly divide into study group and control group with 78 cases in each group. Routine care was applied to the control group, on the basis of which health belief model-based nursing practice was imple- mented in the study group. Compliance and satisfaction degree were compared between the two groups after the treatment; Mini-Mental State Examination on cognitive function in patients before and after treatment was evaluated and activities of daily living（ADL） and quality of life score of the two groups were compared. Results The compliance of the study group was better than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. The performance of the nursing satisfaction was significantly better than that of the control group （ P 〈 0.05 ）. ADL score showed that the study group was superior to the control group （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. After treatment,the scores of physical function, psychological, social and daily life of the study group were significantly lower than those of the control group （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion The nursing practice led by health belief model of care can improve empty nest elderly stroke patients＇ compliance, satis- faction degree and ADL, so that cognitive function and quality of life are both improved.