非物理主义的心理因果性

Non-Physicalist Mental Causation

假设心理—心理因果性存在,且将因果性分析为反事实依赖关系,那么有两种非物理主义立场可以得到心理—物理因果性。第一种承诺心理与物理事物之间存在超级难以打破的自然律,第二种采取目的论式的形而上学观点。但是,进一步承认物理因果闭合的非物理主义者会面临排除难题。只有第二种非物理主义立场才能使用本尼特的因果相容论策略来解决排除难题。

Given that there is mental-to-mental causation and causation is analyzed as counterfactual dependence, there are two types of non-physicalism that can admit mental-to-physical causation. The first one commits to the thesis that there are natural laws connecting the mental and the physical and such laws are extremely difficult to violate. The second one takes a teleological view of metaphysics. However, non-physicalists who commit further to the causal closure of physics face the exclusion problem. Only the second type of non- physicalism can solve the exclusion problem by adopting Bennett＇s causal compatibilism strategy.