高校实验室安全问题引起的思考与管理探讨

Reflections on the Laboratory Safety and Investigation on the Safety Management in Universities

高校实验室安全关系到师生的人身安全,也关系到教学和科研工作的正常进行。现针对高校实验室的安全现状及存在问题,借鉴国外高校的安全管理制度和方式,提出了加强管理实验室安全要从人、生物和化学三个方面入手,并建立和完善安全法规和制度以强化安全的建议,包括加强对实验人员安全培训,定期进行安全知识的考核;强化生物实验人员操作技术的规范性,杜绝和减少污染危害的传播和扩散;建立统一的药品管理系统,分类存放危险化学药品,有效定位药品使用去向;依据实验室废弃物的类别与特征,提出有效的处理方法,防止实验室废液污染环境;开展定期和不定期的实验室安全自查和监督检查等,从而降低实验室发生危险事故的概率。

The laboratory safety of colleges and universities is critical to personal safety of teachers and students,and related to steady development of teaching and research.The current situation and existing problems are proposed in the paper.It used the safety management system and methods of foreign universities for reference,and proposed advices that laboratory safety management should be strengthened from aspects of people,biology,and biochemistry,and it should be necessary to build and complete safety codes and regulations to strengthen security,including that strengthening the personal training and evaluating safety knowledge on a regular basis of the experimenters;enhancing the operation normalization of biological experiment technology to eliminate and reduce the spread of pollution hazard;establishing a unified chemicals management system and classifying storage of dangerous chemicals,to effectively locate chemical use;putting forward effective waste treatment methods to prevent environment pollution according to laboratory waste categories and characteristics;organizing regular and irregular supervision and self-inspection of laboratory safety.These measures would decrease the probability of laboratory dangerous accidents.