基于列车运行图的高速铁路动态牵引负荷建模方法

Modelling Method for Dynamic Traction Load of High Speed Railway Based on Train Working Diagram

在分析动车组运行中的受力、基本运行工况和牵引控制策略的基础上,考虑功率因数在动车组牵引、惰行和制动3种运行工况下的动态特性和谐波间交互影响,建立由动态有功功率计算模型、动态无功功率计算模型和谐波耦合诺顿等效计算模型组成的单列动车组动态负荷计算模型,再结合列车运行图、线路资料中可提供的信息,给出整条高速铁路的动态牵引负荷建模方法。采用该计算方法对某高速铁路牵引供电系统的动态电能质量以及系统负荷进行评估,并校核了牵引变压器的容量。结果表明:与采用固定功率因数和非耦合谐波诺顿等效模型相比,该计算方法具有更高的精度,可为高速铁路牵引供电系统的动态电能质量评估提供准确的动车组数量、动车组位置、视在功率、谐波输出含量等实时负荷信息,可准确评估整条高速铁路有功功率、无功功率的分布以及不同供电方式下牵引变压器容量的利用情况,为制定分布式无功补偿方案、再生制动能量利用方案提供科学依据。

Based on the analysis of the forces,basic operation conditions and traction control strategies of EMU during its operation,the dynamic load calculation model of single EMU was established,which was composed of dynamic active power model,dynamic reactive power model and coupled harmonic Norton equivalent model,considering the dynamic characteristics of power factor in the three basic operation conditions（traction mode,coasting mode and regenerative braking）and the interaction among different order harmonics.Then,the dynamic traction load modelling method for the whole high speed railway was presented by combining the information provided by train working diagram and railway line.Finally,the proposed algorithm was applied to evaluate the dynamic power quality and load level of the traction power supply system for certain high speed railway,and to check the capacity of traction transformer.Results show that the proposed algorithm is more accurate than the algorithm with fixed power factor and decoupled harmonic Norton equivalent model.The dynamic traction load model can provide accurate realtime load information for evaluating the dynamic power quality of the traction power supply system for high speed railway,such as number,location,apparent power and harmonic emission content of EMUs.It can accurately evaluate the distribution of active power and reactive power as well as the utilization of traction transformer capacity in different power supply modes for whole high speed railway,which can provide scientific basis for establishing the schemes for distributed reactive compensation and regenerative braking energy utilization.