农户农药施用行为变迁的社会学考察——基于我国6省6村的实证研究

The Sociological Research on the Changes of the Peasant Households' Behaviors of the Pesticide Application——The Empirical Study from 6 Villages of 6 Provinces in China

对农户农药施用行为变迁进行社会学考察发现,农药知识通过"抗"的学问成为了病态农作物的"治病良方",并成功地构建起了稳固的话语空间和确立了话语地位。农药知识话语在通过设置"求知"的陷阱把农户纳入话语空间的同时,也导致他们在此空间中彻底失语。农药知识还通过"绿色"新身份的转变把农户塑造成了农药污染和农药残留问题的制造者。总之,农药推广和应用的最终目的是推进农业现代化的发展进程,而农户的身体和精神则都成为了它的控制对象,这就是农药知识话语的构建逻辑。农业生产利润也被农药知识话语所构建起的制度化结构进行了分割和攫取,因此,农户的致富路径则远在技术之外。

Through the sociological research for the history process of the changes of the peasant households＇ behaviors of the pesticide application in China, it found that the pesticide knowledge become the diseased crops＇ ＇ effective prescription of treating disease＇ by the ＇ resistance knowledge＇ and built a solid discourse space and established discourse position. In addition, the peasant households were brought into the discourse space and made them loss of the discourse power by setting the trap of the ＇ learning＇. Moreover, the peasant households become the maker of the pesticide pollution and the pesticide residue through the change of the ＇ green＇ new identity of the pesticide knowledge, In a word, the ultimate goal of the ex- tension and application of the pesticide was promoting the process of development of the agricultural modernization, but the body and spirit of the peasant households had become the control object of the pesticide, this was the construction logic of the pesticide knowledge discourse. Finally, it point out that the profit of the agricultural production was divided and raked by the institutional structure that constructed by the pesticide knowledge discourse. Therefore, the path of peasants getting rich was far more than the technology factor.