坡向对退化冷季型护坡草坪中植物种类及多样性的影响

Effect of Slope Direction on Species and Diversity of Plant in the Degenerative Cold Season Lawn

以建成2年后的3个不同坡向的退化冷季型草坪中的植物群落为研究对象,通过测定群落组成、盖度、高度、密度及生物量,分析坡向对群落植物种类、重要值及物种多样性的影响。结果表明:坡向对退化草坪群落的植物组成有影响,不同坡向上植物种类差异明显,乡土植物入侵完全替代了多年生黑麦草(Lolium perenne L.)和早熟禾(Poa annua L.),荩草(Arthraxon hispidus)成为优势种;坡向对群落和草坪盖度、密度和生物量有显著影响(p<0.05),对群落植物的重要值有明显影响;坡向对群落的Shannon-wiener多样性指数(H)和Pielou均匀度指数(J)有显著影响(p<0.05),对Margalef丰富度指数(DM)和shimpson优势度指数(D)无显著影响(p>0.05)。边坡草坪建植养护时,要考虑坡向对群落结构和群落稳定性的影响。

In the study, plant communities in the degenerative cold season lawn, located in three different slope directions and built two years, were used as research object. Some index including community composition, coverage, height, density and biomass were deter- mined, and effect of slope direction on community plant species, important value and species diversity was analyzed and discussed. Results showed ： slope direction had influence on plant community of degenerative lawn, and plant species existed obvious difference in the different slope direction. Native plant, Arthraxon hispidus, become dominant species because of invading, which entirely replaced perennial ryegrass （ Lolium perenne L. ） and Kentucky bluegrass （ Poa annua L. ） . Slope direction had a significant effect on community, coverage, density, biomass, Shannon wiener diversity index （H） and Pielou evenness index （J） （p 〈0. 05） , and a obvious effect on important of plant com- munity, but no significant effect on Margalef abundance index （DM） and shimpson dominance index （D） . Therefore, planting and mainte- nance of slope lawn should consider the influence of slope direction on community structure and stability.