爆炸荷载作用下大坝破坏分析的数值模拟研究进展

Progress in numerical simulation of dam failure under blast loading

对近年来爆炸冲击荷载作用下大坝动力响应和破坏分析所采用的数值模拟方法的研究进展和发展趋势进行综述。重点总结现有计算爆炸力学数值方法进行大坝爆炸动力响应特征和破坏过程分析的研究成果,指出大坝爆炸响应分析是一个涉及炸药爆炸、爆炸冲击波形成和传播、冲击波或爆炸产物与坝体相互作用以及坝体结构动态响应的完整连续过程,同时总结了水库大坝环境中的爆炸荷载分类、特点及其对大坝结构的破坏效应。指出各种爆炸条件下大坝的爆炸模拟需要关注的不同问题,今后需要在目前研究基础上及时吸收计算力学的最新研究成果,发展高精度的数值计算方法和高效率的数值求解体系,实现大坝爆炸动力响应的全过程仿真模拟。

Research progress and development trends in numerical simulation methods for analyzing the dynamic response and failure process of dams under blast and impact loads are reviewed. Research findings regarding the dynamic response and failure process of dams under blast loading obtained through the existing numerical simulation methods for the computation of explosion mechanics are focally summarized. It is pointed out that the dam dynamic response analysis under blast loading involves an explosion, the formation and propagation of a shockwave, the interaction between the shockwave and the dam body, and the dynamic response of the dam body. The classification and characteristics of the blast loads exerted on dams and their damage effects on dams are summarized, and issues that require more attention in dam explosion simulation under explosion conditions are pointed out. Based on current research, the latest research achievements of computational mechanics should be absorbed into future research to develop high-precision numerical methods and high-efficiency numerical solution systems, and to realize the entire process simulation of the dam dynamic response to explosions.