湖北省宜昌市2006—2015年AMES监测结果

Surveillance of acute meningitis and encephalitis syndrome in Yichang,Hubei,2006-2015

目的了解宜昌市各类急性脑炎与脑膜炎的流行病学和病原学特征,分析其病原谱构成,为急性脑炎与脑膜炎防控提供参考依据。方法在湖北省宜昌地区开展急性脑炎脑膜炎病例哨点监测,确定监测病例的病例定义,对纳入的监测病例开展流行病学调查,对血清和脑脊液标本开展实验室检测。结果共监测病例3 066例,监测病例以男性患者居多,夏季为高发季节。实验室检测确诊的病毒性病原构成比居前三位的病原为肠道病毒(33.71%)、单纯疱疹病毒(32.36%)和腮腺炎病毒(27.54%)。细菌性病原构成比居前两位的病原为肺炎链球菌(43.13%)和脑膜炎球菌(41.18%)。结论急性脑炎、脑膜炎防控应集中在夏季,低年龄组是脑炎脑膜炎的高危人群,开展脑炎脑膜炎的早期病原学检测,可明确诊断、提高治愈率、减少并发症。

Objective To understand the characteristics of epidemiology and etiology of all kinds of acute meningitis andencephalitis syndrome（AMES） in Yichang City,Hubei Province,and analyze the pathogenic spectrum,so as to provide thereference for the prevention and control of AMES. Methods The surveillance of sentinel sites of AMES was carried out inYichang City,and the definition of monitoring cases was determined. The epidemiological investigation of monitoring cases wasconducted,and the serum and cerebrospinal fluid specimens were detected. Results A total of 3 066 cases were monitored.The majority was male patients,and the incidence peak was in the summer. Among the laboratory tests confirmed viralpathogens,the top three pathogenic viruses were enterovirus（33.71%）,herpes simplex virus（32.36%） and mumps virus（27.54%）. The top two pathogenic bacteria were Streptococcus pneumoniae（43.13%） and Neisseria meningitis（41.18%）.Conclusions The prevention and control of AMES should be concentrated in the summer; the low age group is the high riskpopulation. The early etiology detection of AMES could improve the diagnosis and cure rate,and reduce complications.