安徽省首起人感染H7N9禽流感家庭聚集病例的调查

Epidemiological investigation analysis of first family cluster of patients with avian influenza H7N9 infection in Anhui

目的分析安徽省首起人感染H7N9禽流感家庭聚集性疫情的流行病学特征,追溯感染来源及传播模式,为预防控制人感染H7N9禽流感疫情提供科学依据。方法采用现场流行病学方法调查2例病例及其密切接触者,对采集的相关标本进行H7N9禽流感病毒核酸检测和病毒分离。结果首例患者2016年2月4日发病,2月27日确诊为人感染H7N9禽流感病例,有活禽市场暴露史,非重症病例;其密切接触者(儿子)2月15日发病,24日确诊为人感染H7N9禽流感病例,为重症病例,感染途径可能为活禽市场暴露或与患病母亲的密切接触;经积极防控处置和救治,疫情得到有效控制。结论此疫情为人感染H7N9禽流感家庭聚集性疫情,感染途径可能为活禽市场暴露或者有限的人传人;及时开展流行病学调查和活禽市场环境污染监测,加强病例及密切接触者管理、规范市场管理是控制人感染H7N9禽流感疫情的有效措施。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the first family cluster of patients with avianinfluenza A（H7N9） infection in Anhui Province,we retrospect the possible infection sources and evaluate the risk of furthertransmission,so as to provide the evidence for formulating the effective control measures for avian influenza A（H7N9）outbreaks. Methods A field investigation was conducted to collect epidemiological information of the two patients and theclose contacts. The specimens of patients and close contacts were also collected for avian influenza A（H7N9） nucleic aciddetection and separation. Results The symptoms of the first case appeared on 4th February 2016,and the H7N9 infection wasconfirmed on 27 th February. This case was mild and had an exposure history of live poultry market. The close contact（her son）was severe,appearing symptoms on 15 th February,and H7N9 infection was confirmed on 24 th February. His infection might belive poultry market exposure or close contact with his sick mother. The epidemic was under control after the positive disposaland treatment. Conclusion The infection of family cluster of two patients with avian influenza A（H7N9） infection might belive poultry market exposure or limited human- to- human transmission. Diagnosing and reporting timely,carrying outepidemiological investigations and live poultry market environment pollution monitoring of avian influenza A（H7N9）,strengthening the management of case and close contacts,and standardizing the market management are effective measures tocontrol human infections of avian influenza A（H7N9）.