《商务馆学汉语词典》与《汉语教与学词典》单字条目释义比较研究

A Comparative Research on Definitions from “The Commercial Press Learner's Dictionary of Contemporary Chinese” and “A Chinese Dictionary for Learners and Teachers”

《商务馆学汉语词典》和《汉语教与学词典》两部词典由于不同的编纂目标进而影响到了词典的释义理念:前者以"易查、易懂、易学"为编写目标,释义时更多采用同义对释、语素扩展释义等以词释词的释义方法;后者在编纂理念中突出了"教",释义时更多采用多式综合释义等分析性释义方法。在学习型词典的优选释义原则指导下,学习词典应尽量采用分析性释义方式,避免使用以词释词等非优选的释义方法。

By comparing the definitions of tone lemma between The Commercial Press Learner＇ s Dictionary of Contemporary Chinese and A Chinese Dictionary for Learners and Teachers, it shows that because of the differ- ent editing goals, the concepts of dictionary are iquite different ： the former, based on ＂easy to read, easy to un- derstand and easy to learn ＂,in the process of interpretation, the definition of word meaning is adopted, such as the definition of synonym and the extension of morpheme ;but in the latter, the author highlights the＂ teaching＂ , so more analytic methods of interpretation are used in interpretation. Under the guidance of the principle of opti- mal selection of learner＇ s dictionary, the learner＇ s dictionary should try to adopt the analytic method of interpre- tation, and avoid the use of the non - optimal interpretation of words.