司马迁关于商鞅“刻薄少恩”的批判

Sima Qian's Criticism of “Harsh and Less Grace” in “Shangjun Biography”

司马迁极力批判商鞅"刻薄少恩"的言行,这主要体现在三个方面:一是《史记?商君列传》全篇内容几乎都是为了批判商鞅。二是从《史记》的文章编排来看,太史公十分推崇儒家道德教化,因此对法家"刻薄少恩"言行尤为不满。三是从司马迁对其他法家人物评价来看,这种"刻薄少恩"的言行是太史公所批判的失德行为。司马迁对商鞅"刻薄少恩"的批判,与其特殊的个人经历及对儒家道德教化的推崇息息相关。

Sima Qian strongly criticized the harsh and less - affectionate words and deeds from Shangyang, which are mainly manifested in three aspects ： firstly, in the whole content of His torical Records - Biography of Shang Yang, Shang Yang was criticized; secondly, from the arrangement of His torical Records, Sima Qian praised highly Confucian moral education, so he was particularly dissatisfied with the harsh and less - affectionate words and deeds from legalists; thirdly, from Sima Qian＇ s evaluation on other legalists, Sima Qian regarded these harsh and less - affectionate words and deeds as immoral behaviors. So, Sima Qian＇ s criticism of Shang Yang＇ s harsh and less -affectionate words and deeds was closely related to his special personal experience and respect for Confucian moral education.