美国州权政治传统的起源与形成

The origin and formation of the political tradition of the American state power

美国政治史始终伴随着州权与联邦权的竞争与纠葛。州权政治传统历史悠久且根源深厚。殖民地时期的分离倾向、自治传统,邦联时期州权政治的鼎盛,以及制宪论辩与宪法批准过程中围绕州权与联邦权的激烈斗争,再加上北美人民对中央政府及其权力的高度不信任,深深地影响着美国的建国历程。进入联邦制共和国时代后,州在美国的政治生活中仍占据重要的地位。州权政治的元素深深积淀在美国政治传统中,最终成就了美国政治文化的独特个性。

The political history of the United States has always been accompanied by the competition and entanglement between the state power and the federal power.The deep-rooted political tradition of its state power has a long history.The separation tendency and the traditional autonomy in the colonial period,the thriving politics of the state power in the Federalist Period,and the fierce conflicts between the rights of the state and the federal constitutional rights in the process of constitutional debate and approval,coupled with the North American people＇s strong distrust of the central government,exerted strong impacts on the his-torical process of the United States.After entering the era of the Federal Republic,the state still plays an important role in the political life of the United States.The political elements of the state power are deeply rooted in the American political tradition, which result in the unique characteristics of American political culture.