栀子中抗缺氧耐疲劳活性组分的筛选研究

Screening of Anti-hypoxia and Anti-fatigue Active Fractions of Gardenia

目的富集纯化栀子中的各化学部位,筛选抗缺氧抗疲劳活性组分。方法富集纯化栀子各化学部位;建立小鼠缺氧模型,通过测定小鼠的存活时间筛选栀子不同提取部位抗缺氧活性;对抗缺氧活性部位栀子黄色素进一步进行常压密闭实验,测定小鼠的存活时间、脑组织和肺组织含水量等指标,观察栀子黄色素的抗缺氧作用;模拟高原低压低氧环境,进行小鼠力竭游泳实验,观察栀子黄色素的抗疲劳作用;对提取部位安全性进行初步的研究。结果栀子黄色素能够延长小鼠常压密闭抗缺氧时间,与模型组相比栀子黄色素高剂量组具有显著性差异(P<0.05)。栀子黄色素能减轻小鼠脑组织和肺组织含水量,与模型组相比,各给药组均能显著性减少小鼠脑组织和肺组织含水量(P<0.05),同时栀子黄色素高剂量组更能显著性地减少小鼠肺组织含水量(P<0.01);栀子黄色素能延长在低压低氧环境下小鼠力竭游泳时间,与缺氧空白组相比,栀子黄色素中剂量组和栀子黄色素高剂量组均能显著延长小鼠力竭游泳时间(P<0.05或P<0.01);栀子苷部位对小鼠具有毒副作用。结论栀子黄色素是栀子抗缺氧抗疲劳的活性部位,能显著延长小鼠力竭游泳时间,降低脑组织和肺组织含水量,并且具有较好的安全性。

Objective To enrich and purify each ingredient of Gardenia in order to screen the active ingredients with anti-hypoxia and anti-fatigue effect.Methods The effective parts of Gardenia were enriched and purified with the polyamide column and macroporous resin column. Normal pressure and airtight hypoxia equipment was used to establish the model of hypoxia.The survival time of mice was determined to filter the anti-hypoxia activity of different effective parts of Gardenia . The atmospheric airtight experiments were conducted to measure the survival time of mice and the water content of the brain and lung. The anti-anoxia activity of Gardenia yellow pigment was observed. High altitude hypobaric hypoxia was simulated to conduct the exhaustive swimming test in mice to observe the anti-fatigue activity of Gardenia yellow pigment.Results Gardenia yellow pigment prolonged the anti-hypoxic time under the atmospheric seal.There was significant difference between the model group and the high-dose group of Gardenia yellow pigment（ P 〈0.05）. Gardenia yellow pigment reduced the water contents of brain and lung tissues of mice in a dose-dependent manner. Gardenia yellow pigment prolonged the exhaustive swimming time at low pressure hypoxia. Compared with the hypoxic control group, the swimming time of mice in middle-and high-dose Gardenia yellow pigment groups increased significantly （ P 〈0.05）.Geniposide had side effects on mice.Conclusion Gardenia yellow pigment can prolong the anti-hypoxia time and exhaustive swimming time at low pressure hypoxia. Namely, Gardenia yellow pigment has strong anti-hypoxia and anti-fatigue activity.Geniposide has toxic side effects.