后生产主义下消费农村的理论和实践

Theories and Practices of Rural Consumption Under Post-Productivism

随着改革开放的不断深入及我国人民温饱问题的解决,我国农村社区和农业生产发生巨大变化.在一些经济发展较快的大城市周边农村地区,农村生产功能逐渐减弱,而农村的休闲、娱乐、文化、教育等消费功能逐渐增强,形成了将乡村性特征商品化的消费农村模式.消费农村产生于生产主义向后生产主义演变的背景下,通过商品化将具有乡村性表征的农业生产要素及农村其它自然、人文要素扩展为消费的对象.基于农村空间商品化理论,结合各种文献对消费农村的概念、形式的综述,本文对北京郊区消费农村实际状况进行了检验,以期为我国农村地区发展提供新的研究视角.实践证明,通过消费农村的活动不仅使农户经济收入来源增多,有利于农村资源的保护和地方文化和遗产的传承,还有益于建立密切的城乡要素互动.为推进消费农村的开展,政府应加强对消费农村的引导,给予农户资金、信息、技术等方面的支持以及培养农户挖掘地方性的能力.

With the development of the reform and opening up,the problems of food and clothing have been solved in China,great changes have taken place in the rural society and agricultural production.Around the rapid developing cities,rural areas have appeared more functions than before,such as the functions of leisure,relaxation,culture and education.The production functions of rural areas have been weakened in the present,instead,the feature of rurality has become the object of commercialization,and the consumption functions have been formed.Theoretically,rurality consumption was resulted from the transformation from productivism to post-productivism.With the commercialization of rurality and rural space,the scope of rurality consumption has been expanded,more and more agricultural production factors and other natural and human factors with the feature of rurality have been realized as the consumption objects.Based on the theory of spatial commercialization and the summary of rurality consumption in concept and in form,the case studies in the rural areas of Beijing was checked,in order to provide a new thinking way for the rural development in China.The concerned practice shows that,the farmers’ income has been raised,the protection of rural resources has been realized,the inheritance of rural cultures and heritage has been strengthened,and the urban-rural relationship has been improved by the development of rurality consumption.To promote rurality consumption,the governments should strengthen the policy guidance,provide supports of funds,information and technology to the farmers,develop their skills to seek out various rural resources.