蛋白质组学技术在眼底病研究中的应用进展

Research progress of proteomics technology in fundus diseases

蛋白质组学是根据时间、空间及细胞类型定性、定量地研究一个蛋白质组的所有蛋白，包括蛋白质表达、细胞定位、蛋白质问相互作用、翻译后修饰及蛋白质周转。蛋白质组学的常用技术包括蛋白质分离、鉴定技术及生物信息学分析。蛋白质组学在眼底病研究中主要用于筛选玻璃体液及血浆中的特征性蛋白，开发特异的生物学标志物；探索差异性蛋白可能参与的发病机制，如视网膜变性、视网膜血管通透性的改变等，为疾病的早期诊断及治疗方案的优化提供帮助。目前蛋白组学技术应用于探索老年性黄斑变性、特发性黄斑前膜、糖尿病视网膜病变、增生性玻璃体视网膜病变、视网膜色素变性等眼底病的发病机制、诊断、治疗等方面。

Proteomic is committed to study a proteome according to the time, space and cell types qualitatively and quantitatively, including protein expression and cellular localization, the protein-protein in- teraction, and protein modification after translation and protein turnover. The general research techniques used in proteomics include protein separation techniques and identification technology and bioinformatics a- nalysis. The application of proteomics in fundus diseases research mainly include to screen typical proteins in vitreous and plasma, to explore the pathogenesis which different proteins may be involved, such as retinal degeneration and changes of retinal vascular permeability, and to optimize the treatment plan. Now the pro- teomic technology is used to explore the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of age-related macular degeneration, idiopathic macular membrane, diabetic retinopathy, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, retinitis pigmen- tosa and so on.