商周时期尖底杯的类型学观察

The Typological Observation to the Pointed-bottomed Cups of the Shang and Zhou Dynasties

尖底杯是巴文化的典型器物,有角状尖底杯、炮弹型尖底杯和小底尊形杯三种类型。角状尖底杯和炮弹形尖底杯主要分布在峡江地区,向西传播至十二桥文化遗址群,而在城固洋县地区偶见的角状尖底杯,应是巴文化北上传播的结果。二里岗上层时期,小底尊形杯在清江流域、峡江地区和汉水上游地区开始传播,发展成三个亚型。从殷墟三期开始,小底尊形杯通过宝山文化与十二桥文化的交流,在川东地区继续发展演变,一直延续到金沙遗址时期,并发展出小底尊形杯的第四个亚型。

The pointed-bottomed cups were the typical vessel of the Ba Culture, which can be classified into three types, namely the horn-shaped pointed-bottomed cups, cannon shell-shaped pointed-bottomed cups and zun-shaped cups with small bottom. The former two were mainly distributed in the Three Gorges zone and diffused westward to the settlement sites of the Shi＇erqiao Culture; the horn-shaped pointed- bottomed cups which were occasionally seen in Chenggu and Yangxian areas would have been the result of the northward diffusion of the Ba Culture. In the Upper Erligang Period, the zun-shaped cups with small bottom began to spread in the Qingjiang River Valley, the Three Gorges zone and the upper reach of the Han River Valley, and developed into three subtypes. Since the time of Phase III of Yinxu Culture, the zunshaped cups with small bottom continued its development and evolution in eastern Sichuan through the communication with the Shi＇erqiao Culture via the Baoshan Culture, and lasted down to the time of Jinsha Culture and developed the fourth subtype of the zun-shaped cups with small bottom.