流派与文学功用建构探微

On the Construction of Literature Genres and Literature Functions

流派与文学功用的评判问题自古以来就是文人雅士谈论的焦点,其功用不外乎"内修"与"外修"两种,"内修"主要表现在提高人的道德修养与境界方面;"外修"则带有功利性质,体现在指点江山与家国天下方面;无论是太平盛世亦或乱世,"内修"与"外修"两种观念始终处于互相转换的并存状态,人们有选择适合自身修为的状态;从儒、道、释、墨、法五个流派的思想理念出发,具体阐释"内修"与"外修"的内涵与外延。

The evaluation of literature genres and literature functions has long been the focus of scholars＇ argumentation since the ancient times. The literature functions include internal cultivation and external cultivation. Internal cultivation mainly improves people＇s moral cultivation and state. External cultivation contains the utilitarian nature, which reflects on commenting and directing home, country and the world. Whether the world is peaceful or chaotic, internal cultivation and external cultivation are always coexisting and can be converted to each other. People have to choose the cultivation that suits them the most. This article interprets the connotation and extension of internal cultivation and external cultivation from five schools of thoughts, including Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism, Monism and Legalism.