新疆焉耆盆地主要三芒草属植物及其分布与其利用价值

The Main Aristida in Xinjiang Yanqi Basin and Its Distribution and Utilization Value

对新疆焉耆盆地三芒草属植物进行了调查研究。结果表明:新疆焉耆盆地主要分布有一年生的三芒草和多年生的大颖三芒草两种三芒草属植物,其中,三芒草主要分布于山地荒漠类中的砂砾质荒漠亚类、砾石质荒漠亚类及平原荒漠类中的砂砾质荒漠亚类、沙质荒漠亚类;而大颖三芒草主要分布于平原荒漠类中的平原沙质荒漠亚类,并在平原砂砾质荒漠亚类中也有零星分布;三芒草属植物作为焉耆盆地几类主要荒漠中少有的禾本科植物,不仅为放牧家畜及野生草食动物提供较好饲草食物,具有较高的饲用价值,而且还与其他荒漠植物共同构筑了焉耆盆地绿洲与农区外围的重要生态屏障,又具有生态价值。

The Aristida in Xinjiang Yanqi basin were investigated. The results showed that there are two varieties of Aristida mainly in Yanqi basin, Aristida adscensionis and Aristida grandiglumis. Aristida adscensionis mainly distributes in the gravel desert grassland subclass and the pebbly desert grassland sub- class of the mountain desert grassland and the gravel desert grassland subclass and the sandy desert grass- land subclass of the plain desert grassland. Aristida grandiglumis mainly distributes in the sandy desert grassland subclass of the plain desert grassland, and scattered in the plain gravel desert grassland sub- class of the plain desert grassland. The Aristida as a major rare gramineous plant in desert in Yanqi basin not only has a higher feeding value, it provides good forage for grazing livestock and wild herbivorous ani-mal, but also has ecological value ： it constitutes an important ecological barrier in Yanqi basin with other desert plants.