新中国建国初期“一边倒”外交政策研究

Study on " Leaning to One-side" Diplomatic Policy at Beginning Period of the Founding of New China

在新中国成立前后,中国共产党确定了"一边倒"的对外战略方针。从受外部环境影响的角度来看,是在冷战爆发的特定背景下受到美苏两国对华政策影响的结果;从内部因素来看,是当时国内政治形势发展的需要。实际上,这一政策是当时国际局势与国内形势合力作用的必然结果。通过研究影响外交政策制定的因素,进一步分析新中国建国初期的外交政策,有助于从多个政治实体的立场和角度来解释新中国外交政策的选择及其本质特点。

Soon before and after the founding of the People＇s Republic of China, the Chinese Communist Party es- tablished a strategic foreign policy of ＂Leaning to One-sided＂. From the view of the external environmental influ- ence, it should be a result of the effect caused by the foreign policies carried out towards China by the United States and the Soviet Union in the specific context of the Cold War; from the point of internal factors, it was the require- ment of the development of the domestic political situation at that time. In fact, this policy was an inevitable com- bined result of the international situation and the domestic situation. Studying the influential factors of foreign policy and further analyzing the foreign policy in the early stage after the founding of new China can help us to interpret our country＇s foreign policy choice and the essential characteristics from the viewpoint of various political entities.