泾惠渠灌区灌溉畦长对夏玉米生长发育和产量的影响

Jinghuiqu Irrigation District Long Furrow Irrigation on Growth and Yield of Maize

通过大田与小区试验相结合,以当地农民习惯灌溉方式8成改水为基准,设置3个畦长处理(80、120、240m),研究了畦长对夏玉米在生育期内生长发育状况和产量影响,土壤剖面含水量与产量及其构成因素间的相关系数等问题,选择出节水高产最优畦长。结果表明:夏玉米生育期内的农艺性状受畦长影响较小;畦田灌水均匀度受畦长影响明显,80和120 m畦长更适宜夏玉米生育期对水分的要求,灌水均匀度较高,且80 m畦长产量最高最平均,为10 218.39kg/hm^2,水分利用效率最高,为25.12 kg/(hm^2·mm)。综合夏玉米生长发育状况和产量及分布、水分利用效率等因素,在试验区内80 m畦长是兼顾节水高产的最适宜畦长。

The experiment was carried out with the cell test combined with local farmers used irrigation methods for the control, set three long furrow irrigation treatment （80, 120, 240 m） , set each treatment was repeated three times, changing water into a number of eighty percent. The effects of long furrow irrigation on water consumption characteristics and yield of summer corn in the growth period, the soil moisture distribution relations with yield and its components and the like, choose the best possible balance between saving and high yield long stretch. The results show that： in the agronomic traits during the growing fertility 80 m and 120 m two kinds of irrigation in the summer corn is more average coefficient of variation is low, less affected by the impact of irrigation length, no significant difference occurred. Irrigation uniformity border subject to irrigation furrow long influence more obvious, 80 m and 120 m irrigation furrow length more suitable for water requirements during the summer corn growth, higher irrigation uniformity and 80m long stretch handle the distribution of production of the most average, average the highest water use efficiency, yield 10 218.39 kg/hm^2, water use efficiency was 25.12 kg/（ hm^2 · mm ）. Comprehensive corn yield and distribution, water use efficiency and other factors, 80 m long furrow irrigation is the most appropriate balance between saving and high yield long stretch.