大型城市会展地土壤养分空间分布特征研究——以2019北京世界园艺博览会为例

Study on spatial distribution of soil nutrients in large city exhibition area:A case study of 2019 Beijing International Horticulture Exhibition

为研究2019北京世园会展区土壤养分空间分布特征,在面积为960hm2的展区范围内,以200m×200m网络布点,共采集表层土壤样品85个,测定包括土壤pH,有机质(SOM)、全氮(TN)、碱解氮(AN)、有效磷(AP)、速效钾(AK)、有效铁(AFe)、有效锰(AMn)、有效铜(ACu)和有效锌(AZn)含量等指标,应用传统统计学和地统计学方法对数据进行分析,结果表明:展区内土壤pH为8.76,属于强碱性;土壤SOM、TN和AK含量处于中等水平;AN和AP含量处于较低水平;土壤4种有效微量元素含量处于较高水平。采用Kriging内插法得到土壤各养分指标空间分布特征,其中土壤SOM、TN和AN含量分布主要受地形因素影响,由妫河河岸向两侧逐渐递增;AP含量分布由北向南逐渐增加;AK含量分布较为均匀;有效微量元素受地形因素和人为因素共同影响呈区域性分布。根据土壤养分的空间分布特征,将2019世园会展区划分为东部低肥区、中部高肥区、森林公园低肥区以及西部低肥区四部分,为下一步展区规划、景观设计和植物配置养护提供科学依据。

To study the spatial distribution of soil nutrients in 2019 Beijing International Horticulture Exhibition site,top soil samples（0-20cm）were collected in a 200 m×200 mgrid and a total of 85 samples were taken within the960hm2 exhibition area of Beijing International Horticulture Exhibition site,analyzed for values of pH and concentrations of soil organic matter（SOM）,total nitrogen（TN）,available nitrogen（AN）,available phosphorus（AP）,available potassium（AK）,available Fe（AFe）,available Mn（AMn）,available Cu（ACu）and available Zn（AZn）.Descriptive statistics and geostatistics were used for data analyzes.The results showed that：The pH value of the soil was strongly alkaline（pH=8.76）.Contents of SOM,TN and AK were at medium level;Contents of AN and AP were at lower level;Contents of AFe,AMn,ACu and AZn were at higher level.The spatial variation characteristics of all elements wereanalyzed by the geographic information system Kriging method.The conclusions were：The content distribution of SOM,TN and AN were mainly affected by topology factor,which decreased from the river bank to both coasts;AP decreased from north to south;AK content distribution was uniform;Available microelements regional distributions was affected by terrain and human factors.According to the spatial distribution of soil nutrient,2019 Beijing International Horticulture Exhibition site was classified as‘Low level fertility zone in the east＇,‘High level of fertility in the middle＇,‘Low level fertility zone in the forest park＇and‘Low level fertility zone in the west＇.This study will provides a scientific theoretical basis for next step planning,landscape design,plant disposition and maintain of the exhibition area.