养殖场户病死猪处理的实证研究:无害化处理和方式选择

Empirical research on dead pig disposing in farm:Harmless treatment and method selection

为了解养殖场户选择病死猪无害化乃至资源化处理行为的制约因素,应对国家资源化利用病死猪的政策方针。本研究基于2013年4月—2014年8月对北京郊区养猪场户问卷调查获得的428份养殖场户有效调查数据,在运用Heckman probit选择模型处理样本选择性偏误的基础上实证分析养殖场户是否进行病死猪无害化处理和方式选择的影响因素。结果表明:绝大多数养殖场户能无害化处理病死猪,以简易无害化处理方式为主,其中获得病死猪无害化处理补贴、文化程度高、养殖年限长会促使养殖场户进行病死猪无害化处理;获得病死猪无害化处理补贴、养殖规模大、离居民点距离远、参加合作社会促使养殖场户选择资源化处理病死猪。为此,政府应通过完善病死猪无害化处理补贴、推进适度规模养殖、扶持合作社生态服务功能、吸引新型职业养殖场户加入、加大环境监管力度来规范养殖场户的病死猪无害化处理行为和提高资源化处理能力。

This study empirically analyzes the influential factors of whether farmers dispose died pigs harmlessly and which mode they want to choose in response to the national policy of recycling dead pigs based on survey data of 428 pig farmers in Beijing from April 2013 to August 2014 by using Heckman probit model to deal with samples selection bias.The results show that：Most farmers dispose dead pigs harmlessly,but choose the simple mode;Farmers acquiring dead pigs harmless treatment subsidies,having high degree of culture,and long years engaging in pig breeding can significantly positively influent farmers choice on dead pigs harmless treatment;Farmers acquiring dead pigs harmless treatment subsidies,having big breeding scale,living far from population centers,participating in cooperative can significantly positively influent farmers choice on dead pigs recycling treatment method.Therefore,in order to regulate farmers＇ dead pigs harmless treatment behavior and improve their recycling treatment ability,government should improve the dead pigs harmless treatment subsidy,promote the moderate scale cultivation,support cooperative ecological service function,attract new professional farm households to join and strengthen environmental regulation.