ABSL-3实验室猕猴实验中的生物安全管理

Biosafety management for animal experiments using Macaca mulatta in ABSL-3

艾滋病、结核病、SARS等重大传染病严重危害人类健康,研发预防和治疗这些传染病的疫苗、药物是战胜疾病的重要手段。研发疫苗和药物离不开动物实验,由于与人类亲缘关系近,猕猴是研究人类重大传染病的重要模型动物。由于猕猴体型较大、动作敏捷、难以驯养、爱攻击、喜抓咬,因此重大传染病的猕猴动物实验有较大的生物安全风险。探讨此类动物实验中的生物安全问题,对确保生物安全意义重大,十分必要。本文分析了动物生物安全三级实验室(Animal Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory,ABSL-3)猕猴动物实验中可能存在的生物安全风险,提出了风险防控对策和系统化的生物安全管理思路。

Highly infectious diseases such as AIDS, tuberculosis （TB）, and SARS, etc, cause serious or deadly damage to human health. Research on development of vaccines and drugs against these infectious diseases is the most important measure to overcome these diseases. Animal experiment is essential for the development of vaccines and drugs. Because of similarity to human beings, Macaca mulatta is an important model animal for research of highly infectious diseases. It is well known that there are high risks in animal experiments with highly infectious agents. Macaca mulatta is large, agile, difficult to be domesticated, at- tacking and likes to catch and bite, therefore, there are more exposure risks for staff and biosafety issues in animal experiments with highly infectious agents using monkey. So it is very important and necessary for ensuring hiosafety that discuss these biosafety issues. This paper analyzes issues for hiosafety risks in monkey experiment with highly infectious agents in ABSL -3 facility. The paper provides solutions for these issues and systematic thoughts for biosafety management at this point.