广西灵山县基层医院护理人员对艾滋病相关知识的认知情况分析

Analysis of nursing cognition of AIDS related knowledge in primary hospital in Lingshan County of Guangxi

目的了解基层医院护理人员对艾滋病(AIDS)知识的认知程度及对艾滋病护理技能掌握程度,为针对性开展艾滋病防控知识培训提供依据。方法采用问卷调查的方式,对灵山县5家县级医院的在职护士、护师、主管护师、副主任护师进行调查。结果调查结果显示,对艾滋病的传播途径均了解;关于艾滋病护理知识,显示职业暴露后的处理方法、护理过程中的个人防护、相关症状的对症处理和污染物品及医疗垃圾的处理4个问题的知晓率由低到高依次均为护士<护师<主管护师<副主任护师,四者之间知晓率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);护理艾滋病患者技巧问题的知晓率由低到高依次为护士<护师<副主任护师<主管护师,四者之间知晓率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在护理艾滋病患者时,心理不舒服率从低到高依次为护师<护士<副主任护师<主管护师,四者之间差异有统计学意义(χ2=125.97,P<0.05);在护理患者时有歧视率从低到高依次为副主任护师<护士<护师<主管护师,四者之间差异有统计学意义(χ2=36.54,P<0.05);医护人员艾滋病基础知识和护理学知识,不同医疗机构之间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同医疗机构艾滋病患者收入院情况差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论医护人员对艾滋病患者护理知识知晓率随着职称的增高而升高,但对艾滋病患者护理心理不良反应则未呈现此规律;医疗机构的工作条件及待遇可能为影响医护人员艾滋病知识知晓率的因素之一。

Objective To understand the level of AIDS knowledge of nursing staff in basic level hospital, and to provide evi- dence for AIDS prevention and control knowledge training. Methods A questionnaire about AIDS survey was conducted on nur- ses, senior nurses, supervisor nurses and co - chief nurse. Results Surveyed nurses, senior nurses, supervisor nurses and co - chief nurse about the basic knowledge of AIDS, showing the routes of transmission of AIDS understanding; nursing knowledge about AIDS, occupational post exposure treatment, nursing process of personal protection, four related symptoms of symptomatic treatment and contaminated items and medical waste disposal problem awareness rate from low to high are successively nurse 〈 senior nurses 〈 supervisor nurses 〈 co - chief nurse, between the four awareness rate differences were statistically significant（ P 〈 0. 05 ） ; HIV/AIDS care skills awareness rate from low to high followed by nurse 〈 senior nurses 〈 co - chief nurse 〈 supervisor nurses, between the awareness rate difference was statistically significant（ P 〈 0. 05 ）. In the care of AIDS patients, psychological discomfort rate from low to high as follows ： the senior nurses 〈 nurse 〈 co - chief nurse 〈 supervisor nurses, four between the slgroficant（x = 125.97, P 〈0. 05） ; discrimination in caring for the sick rate from low to high fol- difference was statistically lowed by co - chief nurse 〈 nurse 〈 senior nurses 〈 supervisor nurses, there was a statistically significant difference （x2 = 36. 54, P 〈 0. 05 ） ; the differences of AIDS basic knowledge and nursing knowledge in medical and nursing staff in different medical in- stitutions were statistically significant（ P 〈 0. 05 ）, different medical institutions of AIDS patients admitted to hospital, the differ- ence was statistically significant （P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion The awareness rate of health care workers on AIDS awareness in- creased with the increase of professional title, but the adverse reactions of AIDS patients in the heart is not showing this law ; the working conditions and treatment of medical institutions may be one of the factors that affect the awareness rate of AIDS knowledge among nursing staff.