锂离子电池电解液专利技术分析

Analysis of patents on electrolyte for lithium-ion battery

随着消费电子产品和新能源汽车的发展,锂离子电池越来越受到各国的重视。电解液作为锂离子电池的重要组成部分,其材料的选择和性能的好坏,将直接影响锂离子电池的电化学性能、安全性能以及寿命等。为了解锂离子电池电解液专利技术在世界范围以及中国的发展和分布,通过在德温特世界专利索引数据库(DWPI)和中国专利文摘数据库(CNABS)的检索,分别从申请趋势、技术主题分布和重要申请人的角度,对该领域的国内外专利情况进行统计和分析。结果表明,日本在锂离子电池电解液领域具有绝对优势,韩国仅随其后,我国次之。从专利数量来看,我国已与发达国家接近,但基础和核心专利欠缺,导致其实际上仍处于落后的地位;在各技术主题方面,电解质锂盐、有机溶剂和添加剂已形成固有格局,新型产品的开发以及混合搭配使用成为企业的突围之道;我国国内重要申请人中,行业技术分散,缺乏龙头企业,同时,企业和高校并存,产学研一体化成为发展的另一契机。基于以上分析,对我国今后在锂离子电池电解液领域的专利技术发展和布局提出建议。

With the development of consumer electronic products and clean-energy vehicles, lithium-ion battery has been paid more and more attention by each and every country. As the key component of the lithium-ion battery, electrolyte of which the selection for different materials and various electrochemical performance, has an important effect on the electrochemical performance, safety performance and life span of the battery. In order to review the development and distribution of electrolyte for lithium-ion battery, patents from domestic and overseas on the electrolyte for lithium-ion battery filed are analyzed, based on the searching results from the Derwent Word Patent Index databass（DWPI） and China Patent Abstract Database（CNABS）. Based on this results, this report focuses on the analysis of the aspects of patents application trend, distribution of the main technical fields for various countries or districts and major applicants in worldwide and China. The results show that Japan has an absolute advantage in the field of electrolyte for lithium-ion batteries, followed by Korea and China. China has being closed to the developed countries on the number of patents, however, it lacks of the foundation and core patents pack. In the various technical fields, electrolyte salt, organic solvent and additive have formed the inherent pattern, the development of new products and the mixture collocation becomes a breakthrough way. For the domestic important applicants, the decentralization of industry and lack of a number of leading enterprises are observed. At the same time,the industrial-academic-research cooperation may become another opportunity for development with the coexistence of enterprises and universities. Some suggestions are put forward on the development and distribution of patents of electrolyte for lithium-ion battery for our country in the future.