储存条件对玉米胚及粕和毛油中呕吐毒素含量的影响

Effects of storage conditions on vomitoxin content in corn germ and meal and crude oil

将不同水分含量(5.03%、9.07%、11.82%、17.97%)的玉米胚在25℃、相对湿度45%条件下储存30 d,将9.07%水分含量的玉米胚在25℃,不同相对湿度(75%、85%、95%)条件下储存30d,取不同储存时间的玉米胚样品检测其水分、粗脂肪及呕吐毒素(DON)含量,并检测玉米胚提取油脂后所得玉米粕和毛油中DON含量,分析储存条件对玉米胚及粕和毛油中DON含量的影响。结果表明:储存期间,低水分含量(5.03%和9.07%)玉米胚霉变较轻,粗脂肪含量变化较小;高水分含量(11.82%和17.97%)玉米胚霉变程度逐渐加深,粗脂肪含量分别下降1.21、2.74个百分点;不同水分含量玉米胚DON含量为160.9~489.5μg/kg,其粕中DON含量为200.2~340.6μg/kg;相对湿度为75%时,玉米胚品质无明显变化;相对湿度为85%和95%时,玉米胚品质劣变显著,其粗脂肪含量分别降低1.93、3.87个百分点,玉米胚DON含量148.3~484.7μg/kg,其粕中DON含量270.6~439.6μg/kg;不同储存条件下得到玉米油中均未检出DON;玉米胚及粕中DON含量均低于国标1 000μg/kg的限量。

Under the conditions of temperature 25 ℃ and relative humidity 45 %, the corn germs with dif-ferent moisture contents （5.03% , 9.07%, 11.82% and 17.97% ） were stored for 30 d. Under the conditions of temperature 25 ℃ and different relative humidity （75%, 85% and 95% ）, the corn germ with moisture content ofg. 07% was stored for 30 d. During storage, the moisture content, crude fat con-tent and vomitoxin （DON） contents in corn germ and DON content in the meal and crude oil extracted from corn germ were determined. The effects of storage conditions on DON contents in corn germ, meal and crude oil were analyzed. The results showed that during storage, crude fat contents in corn germ with lower moisture contents （5.03% and 9.07% ） had no obvious change and the mildew degree was light. The mildew degree of corn germ with higher moisture contents （ 11.82% and 17.97% ） deepened gradu- ally, and the crude fat contents decreased by 1.21 percentage points and 2.74 percentage points, respec- tively. The DON contents in corn germ with different moisture contents and meal were 160.9 - 489.5 μg/kg and 200.2 - 340.6 μg/kg, respectively. The quality of corn germ had no obvious change underthe conditions of relative humidity 75%. While under the condition of relative humidity 85% and 95%, the qualities of corn germs had significant deterioration, the crude fat contents decreased by 1. 93 percentage points and 3. 87 percentage points respectively, and the DON contents in corn gerlTlS tected meals and meals were 148.3 - 484.7 μg/kg and 270.6 - 439.6 μg/kg, respectively. DON wasn＇ t de- in all eorn oils obtained under different storage eonditions. The DON contents in corn germs and were lower than the limitation of national standard of 1 000 μg/kg