体外膜肺氧合相关并发症及其防治

The extracorporeai membrane oxygenation related complications and prevention

体外膜肺氧合（extracorporeal membrane oxygenation，ECMO）并发症包括技术相关并发症和机体相关并发症，前者主要包括氧合器功能障碍、插管相关性并发症及ECMO支持过程中出现溶血、氧合器或管路内血栓形成等，后者主要有出血和栓塞、感染、肾功能障碍、神经系统损伤等，其中以出血为临床最常见。严格选择ECMO适应证和方案、培训和协调团队协作、密切监测和早期识别相关并发症，对降低病死率和改善预后十分重要。现将ECMO治疗的相关并发症及其防治进行介绍。

The complications of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation （ECMO） include technical relevance complications and physical relevance complications. The former mainly includes dysfunction of oxygenation, cannuta-related problems, technical relevance hemolysis, blood clots of oxygenator or rest of the circuit. The latter includes hemorrhage and embolism, culture-confirmed infection, renal failure and neurologic complications. One of the most reported complications of ECMO is hemorrhage. It＇s important for reducing mortality and improving prognosis through stricting with the indications of ECMO, strengthening team cooperation, closely clinical monitoring and early identifying complications. In this paper, we introduced complica- tions of ECMO as well as how to prevent and treat it.