弱势的累积:生命历程视角下农村贫困家庭的生成机制

Disadvantageous Accumulation:Generation Mechanism of Rural Poor Families from Perspective of Life-course

主要运用生命历程理论,通过深入访谈法收集贫困者"主诉"的生活史,对农村贫困家庭的生成机制进行分析。研究发现:贫困家庭的产生是先赋性弱势与事件性弱势在家庭内累积的过程和结果,先赋性弱势累积的影响具有基础性,事件性弱势累积的影响则具有直接性。先赋性与事件性累积双高的贫困家庭,贫困的自我再生机制最强,个体能动性的作用空间最小;先赋性与事件性累积双低的贫困家庭个体能动性的作用空间最大,家庭脱贫潜力最大。

Based on the theory of life-course,this paper analyzes the generation mechanism of rural poor families through the in-depth interview to collect the past life information from their narratives.The study finds that family poverty is the result of the interaction between ascribed disadvantageous accumulation and event disadvantageous accumulation.However,ascribed disadvantageous accumulation has the fundamental influence on the generation of poverty and event disadvantageous accumulation has the direct influence.In the poor families with strong ascription and event accumulation,the self regeneration mechanism is the strongest,and the role of individual initiative is the least.In the poor families with the lowest ascription and event accumulation,the role of individual initiative is the largest and the potential of out of poverty is also the largest.