郴州地区29243例0～14岁儿童肺炎支原体抗体检测结果分析

Analysis of detection results of Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody among 29 243 children aged from 0 to 14 years in Chenzhou Area

目的调查分析郴州地区呼吸道感染儿童肺炎支原体抗体检测结果 ,为疾病的诊断与治疗提供重要依据。方法采用被动凝集法对2015年3月~2016年2月在郴州市儿童医院就诊的29 243例具有呼吸道感染症状的0~14岁儿童进行肺炎支原体抗体检测,并对不同年龄段、不同季节抗体检出率进行统计分析。结果 29 243例呼吸道感染患儿中,10 892例肺炎支原体抗体检测结果为阳性,阳性率为37.25%;四个季节抗体检测阳性率有明显差异,秋冬季节的阳性率(43.27%、42.15%)明显高于春夏季节(34.82%、29.74%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);女性儿童的抗体阳性率(44.53%)高于男性儿童(32.67%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=417.26,P<0.01);在5个年龄组中,7~14岁组的抗体检出率明显高于其他年龄组,0~28 d组的抗体检出率为6.10%,显著低于其他各组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);各年龄组肺炎支原体抗体阳性患儿中,滴度为1∶40的患儿在0~28 d、>28 d~<1岁年龄段的比率分别为52.78%、50.53%,高于4~6岁和7~14岁年龄段的36.05%、33.52%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);滴度≥1∶160的患儿在7~14岁年龄段的阳性比例为16.60%,明显高于>28 d~<1岁、1~3岁和4~6岁年龄段的9.44%、12.36%和14.49%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论郴州地区儿童肺炎支原体感染发生率高,秋冬季节和高年龄更常见,有必要加强肺炎支原体感染的临床诊断与防治。

Objective To investigate and analyse the detection results of Mycoplasma pneumoniae（MP） antibody among children with respiratory tract infection in Chenzhou Area,and to provide an important evidence for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.Methods MP antibody were detected among 29 243 patients with respiratory symptoms,aged from 0 to 14 years,treated in Chenzhou Children′s Hospital from March 2015 to February 2016 by using passive agglutination method.Meanwhile,the positive rate of MP antibody for different ages and seasons were also analyzed.Results Among the 29 243 cases of children with respiratory tract infection,10 892 cases of MP antibody test results were positive,the positive rate was 37.25%.There was significant difference between the four seasons antibody positive rate,the positive rate of autumn and winter（43.27%,42.15%） was significantly higher than that in spring and summer seasons（34.82%,29.74%）,with significant difference（P〈0.01）.The positive rate of antibody of female children（44.53%） was higher than that of male children（32.67%）,with significant difference（χ2=417.26,P〈0.01）.In the 5 age groups,the antibody positive rate of 7-14 years old children was significantly higher than that other age groups,in the group of 0-28 days,the antibody positive rate was 6.10%,which was significantly lower than that the other groups,with significant difference（P〈0.01）.The rate of children with MP antibody titer 1∶40 in 0-28 days group and 〉28 days-〈1 year were 50.53% and 52.78%,which was higher than that of 4-6 years（36.05%） and 7-17 years old children group（33.52%）,with significant difference（P〈0.01）.The rate of children with MP antibody titer ≥1 ∶160 in 7-14 years group was 16.60%,which was higher than that of 〉28day-〈1 year（9.44%）,1-3 years（12.36%） and 4-6 years（14.49%）.Conclusion The incidence rate of MP infection in children in Chenzhou is high,and it is more common in autumn and winter seasons.It is necessary to strengthen the clinical diagnosis and control of MP infection.