中国体育对外援助运行体系研究

Study on the Operation System of Chinese Sports Foreign Assistance

国家体育总局是管理中国体育事业发展的政府机构,负责中国体育对外援助的政策制定和资源调配,逐渐形成了比较完善的运行体系。从系统论的视角出发,运用文献资料、电话访谈、层次分析等方法,对中国体育对外援助的运行体系进行研究。研究结果显示:中国体育对外援助运行体系可划为宏观、中观、微观3个层次,分别为运行主体、运行渠道、运行形式。在宏观的运行主体中,援建体育场馆设施主要由中体国际公司承担,援派体育技术人员主要由人力资源开发中心负责,援赠体育器材装备主要由外联司操作,表现为政府与社会的协调配合;在中观的运行渠道上,主要通过双边、多边和非政府等途径实现,呈现了多轨与互通的并行流动;在微观的运行形式里,有援建体育场馆设施、援赠体育器材装备、援送体育资金、援派体育教练、援助体育技术专家、体育志愿者服务、体育人力资源培训等具体工作,展现出多样与交叉的灵活运用。

The General Administration of Sport of China,which is the government agency managing the development of Chinese Sports and the policy formulation and resource allocation of Chinese sports foreign assistance,has gradually formed a relatively complete operating system. From the view of systematology,using the methods of literature review,telephone interview and hierarchy analysis,the operation system of Chinese sports foreign assistance was taken as the study object. The findings showed that the operation system of Chinese sports foreign assistance can be classified into three levels： macro,medium and micro,which were the operation subject,the operation channel as well as the operation form,respectively. In the macro operation subject,the aiding construction of sports facilities is mainly undertaken by Chinese Sports International Economy and Technology Limited Company,the aiding dispatch of sports technologist is mainly presided by human resource center,and the aiding donation of sports equipment is mainly operated by Foreign Liaison Department,which presented as multi-sectoral coordination. In the medium operation channel,bilateral,non-government channels and other ways were mainly used to show the parallel flow of multi-track and interoperability; in the micro operation form,specific works including the aiding construction of sports facilities,the aiding donation of sports equipment,the aiding send of funds,the aiding dispatch of sports coach and sports technologist,sports volunteer service,sports human resource training,etc.,which showed the multi-style of cross-use.