城市轨道交通大小交路列车开行方案优化研究

Optimization for Train Plan of Full-length and Short-turn Routing in Urban Rail Transit

根据城市轨道交通大小交路运营模式的特点,以最小化乘客等待时间、车辆走行公里和列车运行时间为目标,构建大小交路列车开行方案多目标优化模型.其中决策变量为发车频率、列车编组和小交路折返站位置.采用线性加权法将原模型转化为单目标优化模型,并设计受控随机搜索算法求解.通过案例验证了模型的有效性,对小交路发车频率、折返站位置进行了灵敏度分析.结果表明,开行大小交路可以有效降低大交路列车满载率的非均衡性,减少车辆运用数;小交路长度越短对乘客越不利,且不能使企业成本节省越多.

According to the properties of the full-length and short-turn routing mode in urban railway transit, we develop a multi-objective optimization model of train plan for a single transit line, where the objective functions are minimum passenger waiting time, running kilometers of rolling stocks, and operation time of trains, and the decision variables are frequencies, train formation plans（full-length and short-turn train）, and positions of turn-back stations.The linear weighted method is applied to reduce the above model into a single objective model, then the controlled random search algorithm（CRS） is designed to solve it.The validity of the model is verified by a case, and the sensitivities of frequency of short-turn train and positions of turn-back stations are also analyzed.The results indicate that the full-length and short-turn routing mode can significantly reduce the spatial inequality of load factor and the total number of rolling stocks; the shorter length of short-turn routing is not conducive to the passengers, and it can not lead to a more saving of operator＇s cost.