基于航速调整的班轮燃油补给优化

Optimization of Liner Refueling Strategy Based on Ship Speed Adjustment

燃油成本在班轮运营总成本中占有很大比重,燃油补给是影响航运公司班轮运营成本和效益的一项重要决策.基于航速调整策略,以班轮运营总成本最小化为目标,建立燃油补给混合整数非线性规划模型,运用分段线性逼近法对燃油消耗函数进行线性化处理,并设计了求解算法步骤.实例分析验证了模型和求解方法的有效性.结果表明,在航运市场需求低迷的情况下,船舶更适宜采取较低的航速,采取灵活的加油港策略或放宽船舶到港时间窗限制,能更为有效地降低燃油成本.

Fuel costs take up a large proportion of total costs in liner operation.Refueling decision is an important issue, which affects the costs and benefits in the liner operation of shipping companies.Based on ship speed adjustment strategy, a mixed integer nonlinear programming model on refueling is established,aiming at minimizing total liner operating costs.The fuel consumption function is linearized using the piecewise linear approximation method.Algorithm steps are devised to solve the proposed model.Example analysis verifies the effectiveness of the model and solving method.The result shows that it is better for liners to reduce ship speed in the case of low demand in shipping market.Taking flexible bunkering port selection strategy and relaxing the time window restrictions of arriving at port can reduce fuel costs more effectively.