公共自行车多层次分区调度方法研究

Public Bicycle Multilevel Partition Scheduling Method

公共自行车发展的制约性问题在于调度滞后,服务水平无法满足用户需求.从时间分布和空间分布两方面分析了公共自行车高峰期潮汐需求规律及其与用地类型的关系.创新地提出以上层调度区域、调度小区和站点为主的多层次分区调度方法.在详细分析了各层次分区流程及相关参数的基础上,提出结合虚拟小区与有时间窗的多目标优化调度模型解决区间调度问题,并且建立了小区内调度的最优路径模型.形成区间灵活调度,区内路径固定的半确定调度体系.案例证明该方法具有较强的可操作性.该方法在保证高峰期及时调度,减少不必要的绕行和拥堵时间,提高调度效率,减少盲目性等方面具有重要意义.

The restriction problem of public bicycle system（PBS） development is scheduling delay, so that its service level cannot meet users＇ demand.From aspects of time and spatial distribution, the relationship between demand pattern and land type of public bicycle station is analyzed.A multilevel partition scheduling method is creatively proposed which is divided into three levels：upper-level scheduling region, scheduling cell and PBS station.Based on the detailed analysis of the hierarchical partitioning process and related parameters, a multi-objective optimization scheduling model with time window combined with virtual cell is presented to solve the problem of inter-cell scheduling.And also the optimal path model of scheduling within cell is built.The pattern of inter-cell flexible scheduling and inner-cell semi-deterministic scheduling is formed.The case study shows that the method is workable.It is significant in reducing the blindness and improving scheduling efficiency, as well as decreasing unnecessary time of detour and congestion and ensuring the timely scheduling during peak hours.