哈佛学院霍利斯神学教授选聘始末——美国学术自由困境的早期形态

The Whole Story of the Selection of Hollis Professor of Divinity in Harvard——Early Forms of American Academic Freedom Dilemma

哈佛霍利斯神学教授选聘事件发生于19世纪初,是美国学术自由困境的最早标志性事件之一。哈佛欲聘用一位持有非主流宗教立场的学者来承袭霍利斯教席,其后,反对之声此起彼伏。主导马萨诸塞州政治的联邦党群体随之介入霍利斯教授席位的选聘进程。此次选聘事件改写了美国18世纪以来神学教授选聘的基督徒出身传统,标志着新宗派势力在麻省高校中的扩张与基督教正统派的式微。

The selection of Hollis Professor of divinityin Harvard was the earliest one of the landmark events of American academic freedom dilemma, which occurred in early 19th century.Harvard planned to select and engage a scholar maintaining a non-mainstream religious position to succeed Hollis Professor. Then, there came a lot of objections. The federalist captaining the politics of Massachusetts involved in the process of selecting and engagement. The selection changed the tradition of electing one being born of Christian orthodoxy for Hollis Professor in Harvard since 18 century,marking the expansion of new sectarian forces and the decline of Christian orthodoxyin the Universities of Massachusetts.