长庆油田含油污水处理关键技术分析

Analysis on the Key Technology of Changqing Oilfield Sewage Treatment

油田污水中不仅较多的原油成分,还含有各类细菌、固体颗粒和硫化氢等,以及在产出后原油初步处理时,添加的破乳剂和灭菌剂等化学药剂。此类污水无法达到直接回注地层的水质标准,若直接注入地层,将造成严重的危害。因此产出的污水在回注地层前,必须要进行有效的净化处理,除去含油污水中的油、固体颗粒及其他杂质。并对油污进行分离后,回收污水中的污油。经过长期的实践研究,调储接收+气浮+微生物处理+固液分离+滤罐过滤的组合处理模式成为目前长庆油田含油污水处理的主要工艺流程。具有更良好的处理效果,投资成本低,后期维护运行费用低,为一种比较实用的含油污水处理工艺。

Oil field wastewater not only contains crude oil, but also contains a variety of bacteria, solid particles and hydrogen sulfide, and chemical agents including demulsifying agent and sterilizing agent and so on. Water quality of the wastewater can achieve the direct reinjection standard. If the wastewater is reinjected directly, it will cause serious harm. Therefore, the produced wastewater must be effectively treated before the reinjection, in order to remove oil, solid particles and other impurities in the oily wastewater. And after the separation of oil pollution, the sewage oil can be recovered. Now, the combination mode of adjusting the storage technology, gas floatation technology, microbial treatment technology, solid-liquid separation technology and filter tank filtration has become the current major treatment process of Changqing oilfield oily sewage. The model has many advantages, such as better processing effect, low investment cost, low later maintenance and operation cost, so it is a practical oily sewage treatment process.