宝祐四年贡举与宋元之际文章学的嬗变

The Evolution of Imperial Examination in the 4th Year of Baoyou Period of the Southern Song Dynasty and Article Science in the Turn of the Song Dynasty into the Yuan Dynasty

宝祐四年贡举是宋元之际文章学史上的标志性事件。首先,吉州、庆元府等地士人群体应试活动兴盛,创造了地域举业的佳绩,它推广了时文技艺,扩大了科举学的社会基础,促进了文章学的体系化和理论化。其次,士人阶层向上流动、寻求晋升的现实需求促进词科学的成熟,宝祐四年的词科取士推动了词学体系的完备,为骈体公文树立了写作范式。第三,宋元易代促使进士群体反思科举体制,突出了文人的价值担当,丰富了文章学的精神意蕴。

The imperial examination in the 4th year of Baoyou Period of the Southern Song Dynasty is a landmark in the development of article science in the turn of the Song Dynasty into the Yuan Dynasty due to the following reasons. Firstly, the vivid taking part in the imperial examination in Jizhou and Qianyuanfu made the record of local recommendation to imperial examination. It improved writing skills in that period, expanded social basis of imperial examination and promoted the systematization and theorization of article science. Secondly, the practical needs of intellectuals to seek higher social status facilitated the maturity of Ci. Using Ci as the examination form in the 4th year of Baoyou Period accelerated the perfection of Ci and set a perfect example for official documents in Pian form. Thirdly, the turn of the Song Dynasty into the Yuan Dynasty pushed the intellectuals to review the imperial examination system, which in turn reflected the responsibilities of intellectuals and enriched the spiritual implications of article science.