垃圾衍生燃料(RDF)的燃烧过程

Thermal process of refuse derived fuel( RDF) during combustion

垃圾衍生燃料技术是目前解决生活垃圾问题有效途径,然而RDF应用仍存在一定问题,如因对RDF燃烧产物未知,使RDF在应用中可能对热设备造成不良影响,因此需对RDF的燃烧过程及产物进行研究。采用热重分析仪对RDF的燃烧特性、燃烧动力学进行了研究,并同时采用热红联用技术与热质联用技术对RDF的燃烧气体成分进行了研究。研究结果表明:与煤比较,RDF灰分、挥发分含量高,而固定碳含量少,因此RDF着火点、最大燃烧速度对应温度及燃尽温度低,但最大燃烧速度小。RDF的燃烧分为3个阶段:挥发分析出与燃烧,伴随着羧酸、CO_2、H_20、NH_3、NO_2、HCl、SO_2及Cl_2气体的释放,活化能约为24 kJ·mol^(-1);挥发分的析出与燃烧,但伴随有部分固定碳燃烧,有C0_2、H_20、NH_3、N0_2、HCl及Cl_2气体释放,活化能约为27 kJ·mol^(-1);RDF碳化后的固定碳燃烧,放出较大量C0_2,活化能约为92 kJ·mol^(-1)。

Refuse-derived fuel（RDF） technology can effectively solve the problem of municipal solid waste.However,RDF application is hindered by several problems,including lack of knowledge on the products of RDF combustion.Because these products could damage the equipment,the RDF combustion process and products must be studied.This study investigates the combustibility and combustion kinetics of RDF by thermogravimetric analysis（TG） and the gas composition of RDF combustion products by TG-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR） and TG-mass spectrometry（MS）.The results show that,compared with coal,RDF has less fixed carbon and more ash and is more volatile.Thus,RDF has lower ignition and burn-out temperatures.RDF combustion features three major thermal stages：volatile release and combustion,with the release of carboxylic acid,CO2,H2O,NH3,NO2,HCl,SO2,and Cl2（activation energy=24 kJ·mol-^-1）.Volatile combustion and part of the fixed-carbon combustion,with the release of CO2,H2O,NH3,NO2,HCl,and Cl2（activation energy is 27 kJ ·mol）.And further combustion of fixed carbon,with the release of CO2（activation energy=92 kJ · mol^-1）.