杜洛克×陆川猪杂交F_1代MC1R基因型分析

Analysis of MC1R genotype in F_1 hybrid of Duroc × Luchuan Pig

为了解释杜洛克和陆川猪杂交F_1代毛色分离现象,以5窝黑毛全同胞杜陆仔猪及其母本为对照,利用PCR测序法对4窝毛色异常全同胞杜陆仔猪及其母本的MC1R基因型进行分析。结果表明,5窝黑毛全同胞杜陆仔猪MC1R基因型均为ED1/e,母本MC1R基因型均为ED1/ED1;4窝毛色异常全同胞杜陆仔猪中,黑毛杜陆猪MC1R基因型均为ED1/e,红毛杜陆猪MC1R基因型均为e/e,母本MC1R基因型均为ED1/e。由于纯种杜洛克MC1R基因型为e/e,纯种陆川猪MC1R基因型为ED1/ED1,理论上其杂交F_1代杜陆猪MC1R基因型应该为ED1/e,毛色表现为黑色。研究结果显示,产毛色分离仔猪的母本为杂合子,含有杜洛克血统,因此,杂合子母猪和杜洛克杂交产生MC1R基因型表现为纯种杜洛克所特有的e/e,子代表现为红毛,从分子水平揭示了杜陆猪毛色分离的原因。以MC1R基因为分子标记可以指导猪场快速淘汰杂合子陆川猪母本,迅速纯化基础群。

Abstract： In order to explain the reason of coat color separation in the Fl hybrid of Duroc x Luchuan Pig populations, five litters of piglets with black coat color and the sows were studied as controls, by sequencing of PCR products, we analysed the genotype of MCIR gene in four litters of piglets with coat color separation and the sows. Sequencing results indicated that the MCIR genotype in piglets of control samples was EDl/e, and in the sows was EDl/ ED1 ; among the four litters of piglets with coat color separation and the sows, the MC1R genotype of black piglets, red piglets and the sows were EDI/e, e/e, ED1/e, respectively. The MCIR genotype in purebred Duroc is e/e and the purebred Luchuan pig is EDI/ED1, the F1 hybrid should be EDI/e. So the results confirmed that the sows farrowing red piglets were heterozygous and infiltrated by Duroc descent. From this study, we revealed the reason for coat color separation of Duroc x Luchuan Pig populations from the molecular level. According to the coat color of piglets, we can quickly eliminate the heterozygous Luchuau sows.