共聚醚/TDI室温固化体系力学性能的研究

Mechanical properties of copolyether/TDI cured at room-temperature

以四氢呋喃-环氧丙烷共聚醚和甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI-100)为原料合成聚氨酯预聚体,再与扩链剂DETDA、DMTDA、TX-2、MOCA、C100和HQEE分别反应制备室温固化型聚氨酯弹性体。讨论了扩链剂种类、扩链系数、交联密度、催化剂种类、催化剂用量对弹性体力学性能的影响。结果表明,二胺类扩链剂制备的聚氨酯弹性体力学性能优良;随着扩链系数从0.85增至0.95,共聚醚弹性体的拉伸强度和300%定伸应力均明显提高;扩链系数大于0.95后,上述指标迅速降低;随三异丙醇胺(TIPA)用量的增加,拉伸强度、硬度、伸长率、撕裂强度和冲击弹性均呈现下降趋势;共聚醚/TDI室温固化体系的催化剂可选HDcat、H-3,催化剂质量分数以(0.5~1.0)×10^(-4)为宜。

Polyurethane prepolymer was synthesized by using tetrahydrofuran-propylene oxide copolyether and 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate（TDI-100）as raw materials.The room temperature curing polyurethane elastomers were prepared by DETDA, DMTDA, TX-2, MOCA, C100 and HQEE as chain extenders respectively. The influence of the kinds of chain extender, chain extension coefficient, cross linking density,the kinds of catalyst and catalyst amount on the mechanical properties of polyurethane elastomer were investigated.The results showed that the polyurethane elastomer prepared by diamines chain extenders had the excellent mechanical properties. When chain extension coefficient increased from 0.85 to 0.95, the tensile strength and 300% modulus were significantly improved.But when the chain expansion coefficient exceed 0.95, the aboved properties rapidly decreased. With the increase of the amount of TIPA,the tensile strength,the hardness, the elongation, tear strength and impact elasticity decreased.The catalyst of copolyether/TDI room temperature curing system was HDcat or H-3. The suitable mass fraction of catalyst was （0.5-1.0）×10^-4.