中国式分权、环境规制与雾霾污染

Fiscal Decentralization,Environmental Regulation And Haze Pollution

环境保护与经济增长往往"鱼与熊掌不可兼得"。基于十年的PM2.5的卫星观察数据,从机理和实证上验证财政分权、环境规制对中国的雾霾污染的影响,实证结果表明:(1)中国式财政分权背景下,官员受到晋升激励、财政收入激励的影响,存在"重经济增长,轻环境保护"的倾向,就全国而言,财政分权每提高1%,雾霾污染增加约0.4%,且该结论具有稳健性。(2)中国式分权的背景下,地方官员存在降低环境规制标准的行为倾向,导致了我国的环境规制没有有效地缓解雾霾污染。(3)分区域的回归的结果表明,东部地区和中西部地区的雾霾产生原因不尽相同,东部地区的雾霾污染主要由工业化、汽车尾气的排放以及出口贸易导致,而中西部地区的雾霾污染主要由高能耗产业的废气排放以及出口贸易导致。因此,减少雾霾污染要因地制宜。

Environmental protection and economic growth is often ＂fish and bear＇s paw can not have both.＂ Based on satellite observations decade of PM2.5, and empirical verification mechanism from the impact of fiscal decentralization, environmental regulation of China haze pollution, empirical results show that：（1） Chinese-style fiscal decentralization background, officials by ＂incentives＂, ＂revenue incentive＂ effect, there is a tendency, ＂emphasis on economic growth, environmental protection light＂, the national level, fiscal decentralization every 1% increase in haze pollution increased by about 0.4%, and the Conclusion is robust. Context（2） Chinese-style decentralization, local officials exist to reduce environmental regulation standard behavioral tendencies, leading to China＇s environmental regulations do not effectively mitigate haze pollution;（3） the results of the regression of the subregion show： eastern and Midwest haze causes vary, haze pollution is mainly caused by the eastern part of industrialization, vehicle exhaust emissions and export trade, and haze pollution in the Midwest by the major emitters of exhaust energy-intensive industries and export trade resulting in. Accordingly, Mitigation haze pollution to local conditions.