大学生抑郁症状及其与健康促进行为的相关性

Prevalence of depression and the correlation to health-promoting lifestyles among college students

目的描述大学生抑郁症状的现状,分析抑郁症状与健康促进行为的相关性,为促进大学生身心健康发展提供参考。方法采用分层随机抽样方法抽取3所医学院2 797名大学生,采用贝克抑郁量表-Ⅱ(BDI-)和中文版健康促进生活方式量表(HPLP-C)进行调查分析。结果大学生抑郁症状检出率为16.7%,其中轻、中、重度抑郁症状检出率分别为8.9%,5.4%,2.4%。大学生抑郁症状检出情况城乡差异无统计学意义(χ2=4.98,P>0.05);不同年级大学生抑郁程度不同(χ2=17.57,P<0.05);男生抑郁程度高于女生(t=4.48,P<0.05)。有抑郁症状大学生的HPLP-C总得分及各子维度得分均低于无抑郁症状大学生(P值均<0.05)。控制年龄、性别、体质量指数、城乡、年级等协变量后,Logistic回归分析发现,健康促进得分低于平均水平是大学生抑郁的独立危险因素(OR=4.12,95%CI=3.26~5.22)。BDI-Ⅱ总得分与HPLP-C总得分呈负相关(r=-0.402,P<0.01)。结论大学生抑郁检出率较高,抑郁现状与健康促进行为负相关。可通过提高健康促进行为降低大学生抑郁率。

Objective To explore the correlation between the Beck Depression Inventory- Ⅱ ; （ BDI- Ⅱ） and the Chinese version of Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile （HPLP-C） among college students. Methods By using stratified-cluster sampling method, 2 797 college students were investigated with BDI- Ⅱ and HPLP-C to identify the depression and health promoting lifestyle behaviors. Results The detection rate of depression was 16.7%, of which mild, moderate and severe depressive symptoms accounted for 8.9%, 5.4% and 2.4%, separately. No significant difference was identified in depression prevalence between urban and rural areas（χ^2=4.98, P〈0.05）, while significant difference was found among different grade（χ^2= 17.57, P〈0.05）. The detection rate of depression in male was significant higher than female （t = 4.48, P〈0.05）. Compared with college students without depression, students with depression have significantly lower scores on the total and sub-dimensions of HPLP-C（P〈0.05）. In a logistic regression model, after adjusted for age, gender, BMI, address and grade level, low level of health promoting was an independent risk factor for depression in Chinese college students （OR= 4.12, 95%CI= 3.26-5.22）. Negative correlation was detected between the BDI-Ⅱ and HPLP-C total score（ r= -0.402, P〈0.01）. Conclusion The detection rate of depression is high. Negative correlationis detected between depression status and health promoting behaviors. Depression status could be prevented by improving the heahh-promoting lifestyle behaviors among the students.